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Country Music

NASHVILLE DIDN’T OPEN THE DOOR FOR DWIGHT YOAKAM. LOS ANGELES PUNK CLUBS DID—AND THE COUNTRY OUTSIDER THEY EMBRACED LATER TOOK BUCK OWENS BACK TO NO. 1. Dwight Yoakam arrived in Los Angeles in 1977 with music that sounded deliberately out of step with the moment. Country radio was moving toward polished crossover sounds. Yoakam wanted something leaner and harder: Buck Owens, Merle Haggard and the honky-tonk records he had grown up hearing in Kentucky and Ohio. Instead of finding his first audience inside the country establishment, he found one in Los Angeles’ punk and roots underground. Yoakam began playing clubs alongside X, The Blasters and Los Lobos, bringing cowboy boots, acoustic guitar and hillbilly songs into rooms filled with punk and rock fans. It worked. He later said those audiences responded to the same things he loved in older country: directness, energy and little polish between performer and listener. He even called the approach “cowpunk.” The circuit let Yoakam build a following without waiting for Nashville. With guitarist and producer Pete Anderson, he developed the stripped-down sound that defined his early records. A major label still did not come first. Yoakam financed a six-song EP himself. Guitars, Cadillacs, Etc., Etc. appeared on the independent Oak Records in 1984 and sold well enough to attract Reprise Records, which expanded it into a full album in 1986. Then country radio caught up. “Honky Tonk Man,” the Johnny Horton song from 1956, became Yoakam’s first country hit. “Guitars, Cadillacs” followed into the Top 5. The album reached No. 1 on Billboard’s country albums chart and eventually went double platinum. Yoakam arrived alongside Randy Travis as mainstream country began moving back toward traditional sounds. But their routes were very different. Travis came through Nashville. Yoakam came through Los Angeles clubs. Then, in 1988, Yoakam recorded “Streets of Bakersfield” with Buck Owens, whose records had helped define the California sound Yoakam had been defending from the beginning. Owens had largely stepped away from recording. Their duet brought him back to country radio and went all the way to No. 1. The Los Angeles outsider was no longer simply borrowing from Bakersfield history. He had helped put one of its architects back at the top of the chart.

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“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.” NASHVILLE DID NOT OPEN THE DOOR FOR DWIGHT…

Country Music

RONNIE DUNN WENT TO A RELIGIOUS COLLEGE PLANNING FOR THE MINISTRY. THEN THE DEAN FOUND OUT HE WAS SINGING IN BARS AND GAVE HIM A CHOICE: STOP PLAYING HONKY-TONKS OR LEAVE SCHOOL. DUNN LEFT. Long before Brooks & Dunn, Ronnie Dunn was being pulled between two worlds. He later described his father as a hard-living honky-tonker and his mother as a Bible-carrying Baptist. As a young man, the church side appeared to be winning. Dunn went to Abilene Christian College in Texas, studied toward ministry and considered becoming a preacher. But at night, another life was taking shape. Dunn had begun singing with bands in bars around Abilene. The clubs gave him something school could not: a room full of strangers who immediately let him know whether a song worked. Eventually the college found out. Dunn later recalled being summoned by the dean. School policy prohibited students from frequenting bars and clubs, and Dunn was doing considerably more than frequenting them. The dean gave him the choice plainly: stay in school and stop playing bars, or leave. Dunn chose the bars. There was no Brooks & Dunn waiting outside the dean’s office. He moved to Tulsa, Oklahoma, and spent years working the nightclub circuit. He fronted the house band at Duke’s Country during the Urban Cowboy era and recorded several traditional-country singles for the independent Churchill label in the early 1980s. None made him a national star. For a while, Dunn wondered whether he had made a terrible decision. He later remembered asking himself whether abandoning school might leave him pumping gas instead of making music. Then, in 1988, he won the Marlboro Talent Search. That victory helped move Dunn and his wife to Nashville. Producer Scott Hendricks became involved with his demos, and Arista Nashville chief Tim DuBois eventually saw another possibility: instead of launching Dunn alone, pair him with Louisiana songwriter and struggling solo artist Kix Brooks. Neither man had spent years dreaming of becoming half of a duo. But when they began writing together, the songs arrived quickly. Their 1991 debut Brand New Man produced four consecutive No.1 singles. Brooks & Dunn went on to score forty-one Top 10 country hits, including twenty No.1s, and became the best-selling duo in country music history. Decades later, Dunn returned to the place where the two paths had separated. On his 2022 solo album 100 Proof Neon, he wrote “The Road to Abilene,” looking back at the religious college, the West Texas music scene and the young man leaving town to chase what Dunn called his “six-string dream.” By then, he no longer had to choose between the two sounds that had divided his youth. The gospel influence stayed in his voice. The honky-tonks taught him what to do with it.

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“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.” RONNIE DUNN WENT TO A RELIGIOUS COLLEGE PLANNING…

Country Music

A CHILD’S BEDTIME PHRASE BECAME “FOREVER AND EVER, AMEN.” PAUL OVERSTREET WANTED GEORGE JONES TO CUT IT—BUT RANDY TRAVIS GOT THERE FIRST AND TOOK IT TO NO. 1. By 1986, Randy Travis had finally broken through. Storms of Life established his deep baritone and traditional sound just as Nashville was turning away from early-1980s country-pop. His first No. 1, “On the Other Hand,” had been written by Paul Overstreet and Don Schlitz. That success brought the two writers together again. This time, Schlitz arrived with a phrase he had heard at home. A young boy in his family had begun ending other things he said with the closing words of the Lord’s Prayer, including telling his mother he loved her: “Forever and ever, amen.” Schlitz immediately heard a song in it. Overstreet suggested they could write it later, but Schlitz wanted to start that night. They sat on Overstreet’s front porch and, as darkness came, continued by candlelight, building an adult promise of lasting love around a child’s phrase. When they finished, Overstreet wanted to pitch the song to George Jones. His publishing company had another idea: Randy Travis, the young singer who had already taken an Overstreet-Schlitz song to No. 1. The publishers won. Travis loved it. Producer Kyle Lehning recorded the song with him at Stargem Studios, with Overstreet singing background vocals. Released in 1987 as the lead single from Always & Forever, it spent three weeks at No. 1. That was unusual for the period. No country single had stayed atop Billboard for three consecutive weeks since Johnny Lee’s “Lookin’ for Love” in 1980. “Forever and Ever, Amen” went on to win major honors, including CMA and ACM Song of the Year and the Grammy for Best Country Song. But one consequence never appeared on a chart. Overstreet later recalled that Travis’ camp received a letter from a young girl undergoing cancer treatment. She had lost her hair and was afraid other children would laugh at her. Then she heard Travis sing about loving someone even if her hair disappeared. She wrote that the song changed how she felt about going outside and playing with her friends again. A line that began with one child had reached another. By then, whether George Jones might have recorded it hardly mattered. The song had found the voice — and eventually the listener — that gave its simplest line an entirely different meaning.

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“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.” A CHILD’S BEDTIME PHRASE BECAME “FOREVER AND EVER,…

Country Music

AT 17, JOHN ANDERSON CAME TO NASHVILLE WITH NO RECORD DEAL. HE FOUND CONSTRUCTION WORK ON THE NEW GRAND OLE OPRY HOUSE — LOOKING DOWN AT THE HOLE WHERE THE STAGE WOULD BE. YEARS LATER, HE STOOD ON THAT STAGE AS A COUNTRY STAR. John Anderson arrived in Nashville in 1972 with little more than an obsession with traditional country. Raised in Florida, he had first listened to rock before discovering Merle Haggard and George Jones. That harder sound changed his direction, and at seventeen he headed for Nashville hoping to become a singer. Nashville did not immediately need another singer. It did need construction workers. Anderson found work on the new Grand Ole Opry House, then being built near Opryland. He later recalled working on the roof and looking down at the unfinished space where the stage would eventually stand. At night, he played clubs and honky-tonks around Lower Broadway, absorbing the older country he loved. Lefty Frizzell became an especially deep influence on his phrasing. The apprenticeship lasted years. Warner Bros. signed Anderson in 1977. His early singles charted, but the real breakthrough came with “1959,” which reached the country Top 10 in 1980. “Chicken Truck” followed, helping distinguish his traditional sound from the smoother country-pop dominating radio. Then came “Wild and Blue.” It reached No. 1 in 1982. The next year, Anderson and Lionel Delmore turned a phrase from a Miami shopping-mall commercial into “Swingin’.” The song became Anderson’s biggest hit, reaching No. 1 country and crossing onto the pop chart. The CMA named it Single of the Year, while Anderson won the Horizon Award. By then, the teenager who had once worked above the unfinished Opry stage was appearing there as a country star. But the story did not end with the early-1980s peak. After his chart momentum faded, Anderson returned in 1992 with “Straight Tequila Night,” another No. 1. By then, Randy Travis, George Strait and the traditional revival had helped move country radio back toward the sound Anderson had never really abandoned. The Grand Ole Opry House he helped build opened in 1974. John Anderson’s career lasted long enough to watch country music change around that building — and eventually come back toward the kind of music he had arrived in Nashville to sing.

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“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.” JOHN ANDERSON CAME TO NASHVILLE AT SEVENTEEN TO…

Country Music

ALAN JACKSON STOPPED AT HANK WILLIAMS’ GRAVE NEAR MIDNIGHT ON A STORMY NIGHT. HE AND DON SAMPSON TURNED THAT VISIT INTO A GHOST STORY — AND ONE OF JACKSON’S MOST HAUNTING COUNTRY RECORDS. By 1991, Alan Jackson had already proved traditional country could still sell. Here in the Real World produced four Top 5 hits, and Don’t Rock the Jukebox pushed him even further with four No. 1 singles. But hidden among those radio hits was something much darker. Jackson had visited Hank Williams’ grave in Montgomery, Alabama, on what he later described as a stormy night around midnight. That real visit became the seed for a song he wrote with Don Sampson. They did not write a conventional tribute. They imagined a meeting. In “Midnight in Montgomery,” the narrator is traveling toward Mobile for a New Year’s Eve show when he stops at Hank’s grave. The wind dies down, a mysterious man in cowboy clothes appears, thanks him for remembering, then disappears. The fiction was built around real history. Williams is buried in Montgomery. He died on January 1, 1953, while traveling toward a New Year’s Day performance. As Jackson’s narrator leaves the cemetery, a distant train whistle leads into one of Hank’s most famous lines: “I’m So Lonesome I Could Cry.” Jackson recorded “Midnight in Montgomery” for Don’t Rock the Jukebox. Released in April 1992, it reached No. 3 on Billboard’s country chart — the only one of the album’s five singles that failed to reach No. 1. But its impact lasted far beyond the chart position. The black-and-white video deepened the cemetery atmosphere and won CMA Video of the Year. The song also became one of the recordings most closely associated with Jackson’s traditional-country identity. That connection to the past ran through much of his career. His music repeatedly reached back toward the artists who built the genre before him, from George Jones to Merle Haggard and Charley Pride. Nearly three decades later, “Midnight in Montgomery” found another life when Josh Turner recorded it for Country State of Mind in 2020. The chain had stretched across three generations: Hank Williams supplied the history. Alan Jackson turned it into a ghost story. And another traditional-country singer carried it forward.

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“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.” ALAN JACKSON STOPPED AT HANK WILLIAMS’ GRAVE NEAR…

Country Music

VINCE GILL’S COUNTRY CAREER WAS STILL STRUGGLING WHEN MARK KNOPFLER OFFERED HIM A PLACE WITH DIRE STRAITS. THE MONEY, TOUR AND EXPOSURE WERE THERE. GILL SAID NO — THEN FINALLY BROKE THROUGH IN NASHVILLE. By the end of the 1980s, Vince Gill was hardly unknown. He had already moved through bluegrass, played with Ricky Skaggs in Boone Creek, relocated to California and become lead singer of Pure Prairie League. With Gill on lead vocal, “Let Me Love You Tonight” reached the pop Top 10 in 1980. Then he left the band and joined Rodney Crowell’s Cherry Bombs. It looked like a step backward—from fronting a national hit to standing behind someone else—but the band put Gill beside people who would matter later, including Tony Brown and Emory Gordy Jr. Brown eventually encouraged him toward Nashville and helped him land an RCA deal. The solo breakthrough still did not come. Gill released three RCA albums during the 1980s. Records such as “Cinderella” showed promise, but album sales remained modest. He filled the gaps with session work, harmony vocals and touring with artists including Emmylou Harris. Then came a remarkable alternative. Around 1989, Mark Knopfler invited Gill to join Dire Straits. Gill later recalled the offer: major money, huge exposure and the chance to play with a band he admired. He said no. Gill had already invested too many years trying to build a country career. He told Knopfler he did not know whether it would ever work, but country was where he wanted to stay. There was no guarantee that choice would pay off. But Tony Brown had moved to MCA. Gill signed there in 1989, and Brown could finally produce him. Then came “When I Call Your Name.” The song reached No. 2 country in 1990 and earned Gill his first Grammy. The album became the breakthrough his RCA years had never delivered. From there, the career accelerated: “I Still Believe in You,” “Don’t Let Our Love Start Slippin’ Away,” multi-platinum albums, five consecutive CMA Male Vocalist wins and two CMA Entertainer of the Year awards followed. Years later, the Dire Straits offer gained a different meaning. After Glenn Frey’s death, Gill joined the Eagles’ touring lineup in 2017—by then already a Country Music Hall of Famer with decades of his own success behind him. The musician who once turned down one of the biggest sideman jobs imaginable eventually became famous enough to take another one simply because he wanted to play.

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“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.” VINCE GILL’S COUNTRY CAREER WAS STILL STRUGGLING WHEN…

Country Music

KEITH STEGALL COULDN’T TURN HIS OWN RECORD DEAL INTO STARDOM. THEN HE HELPED SHAPE RANDY TRAVIS’S BREAKTHROUGH—AND BECAME THE PRODUCER BEHIND ALAN JACKSON’S RISE. By the mid-1980s, Keith Stegall looked like the person who was supposed to become the star. He had already scored a Top 10 country hit with “Pretty Lady,” earned an Academy of Country Music nomination, and held a major-label recording contract. But the farther he went as an artist, the more frustrated he became. Stegall later admitted that he often thought like a producer instead of a singer. He cared about how records were built, what microphones were used, and how tracks sounded in the studio. Then his own career stalled. Songwriting dried up. The road was costing more money than it was making. Stegall stepped back and tried to figure out what came next. That was when a local nightclub singer approached him. The singer was still performing under the name Randy Ray and selling records at the Nashville Palace. He asked Stegall to help produce an independent project. Stegall agreed. The relationship eventually led to him co-producing key tracks, including “On the Other Hand,” on Randy Travis’s breakthrough debut Storms of Life. The album changed country music. Suddenly Nashville had proof that traditional country could sell again. But another aspiring singer had been paying attention. His name was Alan Jackson. Jackson knew Stegall had worked on Randy Travis’s records and kept asking questions about how he got that sound. Eventually he asked Stegall to record some demos with him. At the time, Jackson was still trying to get a record deal and writing songs for a publishing company connected to Glen Campbell. The demos worked. Jackson became the first artist signed to Arista Nashville. Stegall became his producer. Together they built one of the longest-running artist-producer partnerships in modern country music, creating albums such as Here in the Real World and Don’t Rock the Jukebox. Years later, Stegall looked back and realized something. The career he had spent years trying to build for himself was not the one he was best suited for. The singer who couldn’t quite become a superstar ended up helping launch two artists who changed the direction of country music in consecutive decades. One became Randy Travis. The other became Alan Jackson. And somewhere between those two careers, Keith Stegall found his own.

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“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.” KEITH STEGALL COULD NOT TURN HIS OWN RECORD…

Country Music

KIX BROOKS RECORDED “SACRED GROUND” FOR HIS OWN SOLO ALBUM IN 1989. THE RECORD DEAL WENT NOWHERE. THREE YEARS LATER, ANOTHER BAND RECORDED HIS SONG — AND TOOK IT TO NO. 2. Before Ronnie Dunn, Kix Brooks had already spent years trying to make Nashville work. He moved there in 1979 and discovered fairly quickly that his songs were getting farther than his voice. John Conlee took Brooks’ “I’m Only in It for the Love” to No. 1 in 1983. Two years later, the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band did the same with “Modern Day Romance.” Brooks still wanted his own recording career. An early deal with Avion Records collapsed when the label went bankrupt. Then Capitol Nashville gave him another chance. In 1989, he released the self-titled album Kix Brooks. One of its singles was “Sacred Ground,” written by Brooks with Vernon Rust. It didn’t break him. Brooks later remembered hearing from radio stations that Capitol wasn’t really working the record. He went directly to label executive Jim Foglesong’s successor, Jimmy Bowen? Actually Brooks identifies label head Jim Ed Norman? No—his own recollection names Mr. Crutchfield, and says the executive admitted he simply didn’t understand what Brooks was doing. Brooks’ response was unusual for someone still chasing his first major solo success. He essentially said: then let’s shake hands and part ways. His reasoning was practical. He was a songwriter. He didn’t want good songs climbing only into the lower reaches of the chart and dying because the label wasn’t committed to them. Not long afterward, Tim DuBois heard Brooks’ work and introduced him to Ronnie Dunn. Brooks & Dunn formed in 1990. Their first four singles became No. 1 country hits, and the solo career Brooks had spent years trying to establish was suddenly irrelevant. But “Sacred Ground” wasn’t finished. MCA’s McBride & the Ride recorded it for their second album in 1992, with Tony Brown and Steve Gibson producing. This time radio responded. Their recording climbed to No. 2 on Billboard’s country chart, becoming McBride & the Ride’s highest-charting Billboard single. The album Sacred Ground went gold and produced two additional Top 5 singles. The timing created a strange Nashville reversal. While Kix Brooks was becoming one half of the hottest new duo in country music, another band was simultaneously having its biggest hit with a song left behind by the solo career that hadn’t worked. Years later, Brooks could look back at that Capitol album differently. The artist on its cover never became the star he’d intended. But one of its songs did eventually find the audience it had missed the first time.

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“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.” KIX BROOKS RECORDED “SACRED GROUND” FOR HIS OWN…

Country Music

DAVID BELLAMY WROTE A THREE-MILLION-SELLING HIT FOR ANOTHER MAN BEFORE THE BELLAMY BROTHERS HAD ONE RECORD OF THEIR OWN. Before the duo had a national hit, David Bellamy was writing songs between gigs and long drives. One of them was “Spiders & Snakes,” a strange, playful song that landed with singer Jim Stafford. Stafford recorded it. The record became a major hit and sold more than three million copies. David had not become a star from it. His name was on the writing side, not on the front of the record. But the success changed what was possible. It brought David and Howard closer to Los Angeles, where the brothers suddenly had access to producers, musicians, and rooms that had been far beyond two Florida performers playing regional shows. They entered a scene crowded with singer-songwriters and country-rock musicians — the world around Poco, the Byrds, James Taylor, Van Morrison, and Bob Dylan. The Bellamys were still outsiders, but now they were standing close enough to see how records got made and how one song could move a life. That connection mattered a few years later. When “Let Your Love Flow” finally reached them, David and Howard were ready. They had the studio contacts, the confidence, and a sound of their own. In 1976, the song became a No. 1 pop hit and carried the brothers far beyond Florida. But the first real opening had come from a song they did not get to sing themselves. David wrote the key. Someone else turned it first.

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“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.” DAVID BELLAMY WROTE A THREE-MILLION-SELLING HIT FOR ANOTHER…

Country Music

MARTY STUART WAS 13 WHEN HE GOT OFF A GREYHOUND BUS IN NASHVILLE. THE NEXT DAY HE CLIMBED ON LESTER FLATT’S TOUR BUS. BY THE END OF THE WEEKEND, HE HAD A JOB PLAYING WITH A COUNTRY MUSIC LEGEND. On August 3, 1972, Marty Stuart stepped off a bus in downtown Nashville from Mississippi. He was thirteen years old. Stuart had already learned guitar and mandolin and played with the Sullivan Family, but Nashville was still something he knew mostly from records and Grand Ole Opry broadcasts. Early that morning, he walked to the Ryman Auditorium before the city had fully come alive. Bluegrass musician Roland White soon picked him up in a 1965 Chevrolet Impala. The next day, White took Stuart to Lester Flatt’s tour bus in Hendersonville. They headed to a bluegrass festival in Delaware, where the teenager was given a chance to play with Flatt’s band. Flatt heard enough. By the end of the weekend, he wanted Stuart in the Nashville Grass permanently. After arrangements were made with his parents, Stuart joined the road at an age when most musicians were still learning songs in bedrooms and school gyms. A week later, he made his first appearance on the Grand Ole Opry. Stuart stayed with Flatt through most of the 1970s. The education happened night after night: long bus rides, festival stages, dressing rooms, radio appearances and hours beside musicians who had helped build bluegrass and country before he was born. When Flatt’s health declined and the band ended, Stuart moved on. He worked with Doc Watson and other musicians, then joined Johnny Cash’s band in 1980. Only later did he build a solo career of his own. “Crying, Waiting, Hoping,” “Hillbilly Rock,” “Tempted,” and his recordings with Travis Tritt helped turn Stuart from respected sideman into a country star. In 1992, he became a member of the Grand Ole Opry. In 2020, he was elected to the Country Music Hall of Fame. But those early years with Flatt left another mark. Stuart began saving the instruments, photographs, stage clothes and personal objects that passed through the country world around him. What started as a young musician holding onto pieces of his heroes eventually grew into one of the most important private collections of country-music history. The road job Lester Flatt gave him taught Stuart how to play the music. It also taught him how quickly the people and objects that made it could disappear.

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“Scroll down to the end of the article to listen to music.” MARTY STUART WAS THIRTEEN WHEN HE GOT OFF…

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